Phenylephrine, chlorpheniramine

Pharmacological properties

A drug for systemic use in pathology of the nasal cavity. phenylephrine - a sympathomimetic drug, causes narrowing of blood vessels due to the stimulation of α-adrenergic receptors located in the post-capillary vessels and cavernous-venous sinuses of the nasal mucosa. narrowing of blood vessels reduces blood supply to the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and leads to a long-term decrease in its edema.

Chlorpheniramine (Chlorpheniramine) Maleate - Blocker H₁receptors. It has an anti-allergic effect, reduces manifestations of exudation. It has a mild sedative effect.

Phenylephrine is rapidly absorbed in the digestive tract. It is distributed in various tissues and body fluids, metabolized with the participation of MAO in the intestinal wall and in the liver. Excreted in urine.

Chlorpheniramine maleate is well absorbed in the digestive tract. The maximum concentration in the blood plasma is achieved 1-4 hours after ingestion. It crosses the placenta and is excreted in breast milk. It is characterized by a high degree of binding to plasma proteins, is completely metabolized in the body, and is excreted mainly in the urine as metabolites.

Indications

Nasal congestion, colds, accompanied by rhinorrhea, lacrimation, constant sneezing; rhinopharyngitis of infectious and allergic etiology, hay fever (hay fever); other acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract: rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis.

Application

Inside, using a graduated pipette inside the package for dispensing. children aged 1-3 years - 0.5 ml each, 3-6 years old - 1 ml each, 6-12 years old - 1.5 ml each, over 12 years old and adults - 1.5-2 ml each 3 times day. the maximum duration of treatment is 4–5 days.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to one of the components of the drug, angle-closure glaucoma, increased risk of urinary retention due to diseases of the urethra and prostate gland, severe hypertension, diseases of the coronary arteries, simultaneous treatment with MAO inhibitors, age up to 1 year, trimester of pregnancy.

Side effects

Despite the fact that the sedative effect of chlorpheniramine is not pronounced, some patients may experience drowsiness. dizziness, headache, insomnia, irritability, anticholinergic effect (dry mouth, pharynx, decreased visual acuity, constipation) are also possible. side effects due to phenylephrine include tachycardia, irritability and irritability, insomnia, anxiety, headache, irritation of the gastric mucosa. the use of sympathomimetics in some cases may be accompanied by side effects such as fear, anxiety, anxiety, tremors, general weakness, pallor of the skin, speech disorders, dysuria, hallucinations, convulsions, depression of the central nervous system, arrhythmia and cardiovascular failure with arterial hypotension.

special instructions

Sympathomimetics are used with caution in patients with diabetes, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure and prostatic hypertrophy.

During treatment with the drug, you should not drink alcohol or use sedatives (especially barbiturates), which enhance the sedative effect of antihistamines (chlorpheniramine maleate). If the disease is caused by a bacterial infection, drug treatment is carried out simultaneously with antibiotic therapy.

While taking the drug, the patient should avoid driving, working with machinery, and other potentially dangerous activities.

Interactions

Due to the content of phenylephrine, the drug should not be used simultaneously with other sympathomimetics or with MAO inhibitors due to the risk of developing ag. in connection with the content of chlorpheniramine, the drug can enhance the effect of drugs that inhibit the central nervous system (anesthetics, hypnotics).

Overdose

It manifests itself as a sleep disturbance, severe weakness, sweating, itching, skin rash, urinary retention, tremor, brady or tachycardia, coma. symptomatic treatment. hemodialysis is ineffective.

Storage conditions

In the dark place at a temperature of 15-25 ° C.