Phenibut

Pharmacological properties

bifren is a derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid and phenylethylamine. its antihypoxic and antiamnestic effect is dominant. possesses tranquilizing properties, stimulates memory and learning ability, increases physical performance; eliminates psycho-emotional tension, anxiety, fear and improves sleep; lengthens and enhances the effect of sleeping pills, drugs, antipsychotics and anticonvulsants. does not affect choline and adrenoreceptors. the drug lengthens the latent period and reduces the duration and severity of nystagmus, has an antiepileptic effect. significantly reduces the severity of asthenia and vasovegetative symptoms, including headache, a feeling of heaviness in the head, sleep disturbance, irritability, emotional lability, and increases mental performance. unlike tranquilizers, under the influence of the bifren drug, psychological indicators improve (attention, memory, speed and accuracy of sensory-motor reactions). in patients with asthenia and in emotionally labile patients, from the first days of therapy with the drug, the state of health improves, interest and initiative increase, motivation for active work without a sedative effect or arousal. Phenibut has been found to improve brain bioenergy.

Pharmacokinetics The drug is well absorbed after oral administration and penetrates well into all tissues of the body, penetrates well through the BBB. The distribution in the liver and kidneys is close to uniform, and in the brain and blood it is below uniform. After 3 hours, a noticeable amount of injected phenibut is determined in the urine, at the same time, the concentration of the drug in the brain tissue does not decrease, it is detected in the brain after another 6 hours.

The next day, phenibut can only be detected in urine; it is found in urine 2 days after administration, however, the detected amount is only 5% of the administered dose.

The highest binding of phenibut occurs in the liver (80%), it is not specific.

With the repeated introduction of cumulation is not marked.

Indications

Asthenic and anxiety-neurotic states (emotional lability, impaired memory, decreased concentration of attention), anxiety, fear, anxiety, neurosis of obsessive states;

• in children - stuttering, enuresis, tics; in elderly people - insomnia, nighttime anxiety.

Prevention of stressful conditions, before operations or painful diagnostic tests.

As an aid during the treatment of withdrawal symptoms in alcoholism.

It is also prescribed for Menieres disease, dizziness associated with dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus, for the prevention of motion sickness.

Application

Applied inside before eating, washed down with water.

In asthenic and anxiety-neurotic conditions for adults: appoint 250-500 mg 3 times a day. Highest single doses: for adults - 750 mg, for elderly patients - 500 mg.

The course of treatment is 2-3 weeks. If necessary, the course of treatment can be increased to 4-6 weeks.

Children over the age of 11 years - 250 mg 3 times a day; children over the age of 14 years - doses for adults.

To eliminate dizziness with dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus of infectious genesis and Menieres disease during the exacerbation period: Bifren is prescribed 750 mg 3 times a day for 5-7 days, with a decrease in the severity of vestibular disorders - 250-500 mg 3 times a day for 5 –7 days, and then 250 mg once a day for 5 days. With a relatively mild course of diseases, Bifren is taken 250 mg 2 times a day for 5–7 days, and then 250 mg 1 time per day for 7–10 days.

To eliminate dizziness with dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus of vascular and traumatic genesis: Bifren is prescribed 250 mg 3 times a day for 12 days.

For the prevention of motion sickness: appoint a dose of 250-500 mg once 1 hour before the expected onset of pumping or when the first symptoms appear.

The effect of the drug Bifren increases with increasing doses.

In the presence of severe manifestations (vomiting, nausea), the drug is not effective even at a dose of 750-1000 mg.

For stopping alcohol withdrawal symptoms: Bifren in the first days of treatment is prescribed 250-500 mg 3 times a day and 750 mg at night, with a gradual decrease in the daily dose to the usual for adults.

If one or more doses has been missed, continue at the previously prescribed doses. If necessary, or if you feel worse, the patient should consult a doctor.

Children. The drug can be used in children over the age of 11 years.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. rel. children under 11 years old.

Side effects

From the nervous system: drowsiness (at the beginning of treatment), headache and dizziness (in doses above 2 g / day, with a decrease in dose, the severity of side effects decreases).

From the digestive system: nausea (at the beginning of treatment), vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the epigastric region.

From the liver and biliary tract: hepatotoxicity (with prolonged use of high doses).

On the part of the immune system: allergic reactions, including rash, itching, urticaria, redness of the skin.

Mental disorders: emotional lability, sleep disturbance (these adverse reactions can be observed in children when using the drug not in accordance with the instructions for use).

special instructions

Caution should be exercised in patients with digestive tract pathology due to the irritant effect of the drug bifren. these patients are prescribed lower doses. with prolonged use, control the cellular composition of the blood, indicators of functional liver tests.

Use during pregnancy or lactation. The use of the drug Bifren during pregnancy or lactation is contraindicated, since there is insufficient data on the use of the drug during this period.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or other mechanisms. Patients who experience drowsiness, dizziness, or other disorders of the central nervous system during treatment with the drug should refrain from driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms.

Interactions

Bifren can be combined with psychotropic drugs, reducing the dose of bifren and the drugs used with it.

Bifren enhances and prolongs the effect of sleeping pills, drugs, antipsychotics and anticonvulsants.

Overdose

Bifren is a low-toxic compound, only in a daily dose of 7-14 g with prolonged use it can be hepatotoxic (eosinophilia and fatty liver disease were observed).

Symptoms: drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, possible development of arterial hypotension, acute renal failure.

Treatment: gastric lavage. Therapy is symptomatic.

In case of complications (arterial hypotension, renal failure), auxiliary and symptomatic measures are used.

Storage conditions

In the original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° c.