Cycloferon

Pharmacological properties

cycloferon is a low molecular weight interferon inducer, which determines a wide range of its biological activity (antiviral, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antitumor).

The drug induces high titers of α-, β- and γ-interferon in organs and tissues that contain lymphoid elements (mucous membrane of the small intestine, spleen, liver, lungs), penetrates the BBB.

The immunomodulating effect of Cycloferon is expressed in the activation of phagocytosis, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and correction of the bodys immune status in immunodeficiency states of various origins.

Cycloferon is effective against tick-borne encephalitis, influenza, hepatitis, herpes, cytomegalovirus, HIV, various enteroviruses (direct and / or indirect action). Enhances the effect of antibiotic therapy for intestinal infections.

The effectiveness of the drug in the complex treatment of acute and chronic bacterial infections (neuroinfection, chlamydia, bronchitis, pneumonia, postoperative complications, urogenital infections, peptic ulcer) as a component of immunotherapy has been established. Cycloferon is effective in rheumatic and systemic diseases of the connective tissue due to inhibition of autoimmune reactions, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

The drug has an anticarcinogenic and antimetastatic effect, by activating the bodys immune defenses it prevents the formation of tumors.

Pharmacokinetics The drug penetrates well into the blood from the injection site, circulates in the body in a free and / or protein-bound state. When applying the maximum allowable dose C_max in plasma is reached after 2-3 hours, gradually decreases over the next 8 hours. After 2 hours, the concentration of cycloferon in the blood plasma decreases by 10 times, trace amounts are determined after 48–72 hours. After this, the drug in the blood plasma is not determined. Cycloferon is excreted mainly by the kidneys. T_½ is 4-5 hours. Thus, the use of Cycloferon in the recommended doses does not create conditions for its cumulation in the body.

Indications

Cycloferon is used in adults in complex therapy:

• HIV infection (stages 2A – 2B);
• neuroinfections: serous meningitis and encephalitis, Lyme disease;
• viral hepatitis A, B, C, D;
• herpes and cytomegalovirus infection;
• acute intestinal infections;
• secondary immunodeficiencies associated with acute and chronic bacterial and fungal infections;
• chlamydial infection;
• rheumatic and systemic diseases of the connective tissue (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus);
• degenerative joint diseases: deforming osteoarthrosis.

In children over the age of 4 years as part of complex therapy:

• viral hepatitis A, B, C, D;
• herpetic infection;
• in the prevention and treatment of influenza and SARS;
• acute intestinal infections;
• HIV infection (stages 2A – 2B).

Application

Injection

In adults, cycloferon is used intravenously or intravenously (2 ml of solution is administered for 1 min) 1 time per day according to the basic scheme: in 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 11- , 14-, 17-, 20th, 23rd day depending on the disease:

• with viral hepatitis, the drug is used in a single dose of 0.25-0.5 g. The course of treatment is 10 injections according to the basic scheme. The total dose is 2.5-5.0 g. The course is repeated after 10-14 days;
• with herpes and cytomegalovirus infection according to the basic scheme - 10 injections of 0.25 g each. The total dose is 2.5 g. Treatment is most effective at the onset of an exacerbation of the disease;
• with neuroinfections, the drug is administered according to the basic scheme. The course of treatment is 12 injections of 0.25-0.5 g, along with etiotropic therapy. The total dose is 3–6 g. The courses are repeated if necessary;
• with chlamydial infection, a dose of 0.25 g is used. The course of treatment is 10 injections. The total dose is 2.5 g. The course of treatment is repeated after 10-14 days. It is advisable to use cycloferon along with antibiotics;
• with HIV infection (stage 2A – 2B) - in a single dose of 0.5 g. The course of treatment is 10 v / m injections according to the basic scheme. The total dose is 5 g.Then a supportive course is carried out - once every 5 days, for 2.5 months. The course is repeated 1 month after the previous one;
• in immunodeficiency conditions, the course of treatment is 10 i / m injections according to the basic scheme in a single dose of 2.5 g. The total dose is 2.5 g. The course is repeated after 6-12 months;
• with rheumatic and systemic diseases of the connective tissue - 4 courses of 5 injections in a basic manner, 0.25 g, with an interval of 10-14 days. The course is repeated on the recommendation of a doctor;
• with degenerative joint diseases - 2 courses of 5 injections according to the basic scheme, 0.25 g, with an interval of 10-14 days. The course is repeated on the recommendation of a doctor.

In children, Cycloferon is used IM / IV once a day. The daily therapeutic dose is 6-10 mg / kg body weight:

• in acute viral hepatitis A, B, C, D and mixed forms, the drug is administered in 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12-, 14-, 16-, 18-, 20-, 22nd, 24th, 26th, 28th day. With a prolonged course of infection, the course is repeated after 10-14 days;
• in chronic viral hepatitis B, C, D, the drug is administered on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th day and further according to the maintenance schedule 1 time at 3 days, for 3 months while maintaining the replicative and cytolytic activity of the pathological process;
• with HIV infection, the drug is administered on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th days and further according to the maintenance schedule 1 time at 5 days, for 3 months while maintaining the replicative activity of the pathological process;
• in chronic hepatitis C, mixed forms of hepatitis and HIV infection, the maintenance course can be continued for up to 6 months;
• with herpetic infection, the drug is administered on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th, 23rd day. While maintaining the replicative activity of the virus, the treatment is continued according to the maintenance schedule with the introduction of 1 time in 5 days for 4 weeks.

Tablets. Cycloferon is taken orally 1 time per day half an hour before meals. The tablet should be swallowed whole without chewing.

For adults. For herpetic infection, the drug is used in 2–4 tablets at a time on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th, and 23rd day of treatment (course - 3 –6 g, 20–40 tablets). Treatment begins at the onset of exacerbation.

In the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections, 2–4 tablets are used per day on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th day (course - 1.5–3 g, 10–20 tablets). Treatment should be started at the first symptoms of infection. In severe cases of the disease, 6 tablets are taken at the first dose. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is additionally carried out (antipyretic, analgesic, expectorant drugs).

In chronic viral hepatitis B and C, the drug is prescribed 4 tablets at a time on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th and 23rd days of treatment and further, according to the supportive scheme: 1 time in 3-5 days for 2.5 months while maintaining the replicative and cytolytic activity of the pathological process (course - 100-150 tablets). In chronic hepatitis C and mixed forms of hepatitis, the course of treatment must be repeated 1-2 times a month after the end of the previous one. A combination with interferons and antiviral drugs is recommended.

In the complex therapy of intestinal infections, a basic course of 2 tablets is used at a time on 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 8th day and then 2 tablets in 11-, 14-, 17-, 20- and 23rd day (course - 3 g, 20 tablets).

For neuroinfections, a basic course of 4 tablets is used at a time on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th, and 23rd days and further according to the maintenance schedule 4 tablets at a time 1 time in 5 days for 2.5 months (15 g course, or 100 tablets).

For HIV infection (stage 2A – 2B), the drug is used on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th, 23rd day, 4 tablets per dose, further - supporting treatment of 4 tablets 1 time every 3-5 days for 2.5 months (course - 100-150 tablets). A second course is carried out 2-3 weeks after the end of the previous one.

In immunodeficiency conditions, a basic course of 2 tablets is used for 1 dose in 1-, 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 11-, 14-, 17-, 20-, 23rd day (course 3 g, or 20 tablets).

For children over the age of 4 years, Cycloferon is prescribed according to the following basic scheme:

4–6 years old - 0.15 g each (1 tablet), 7–11 years old - 0.3 g each (2 tablets), aged 12 years and older - 0.45 g (3 tablets) per 1 dose 1 time per day.A repeated course is advisable to be carried out 2-3 weeks after the completion of the first course.

In acute viral hepatitis B and C, it is prescribed in the above doses in 2 doses at intervals of 24 hours, then in 3 doses at intervals of 48 hours, then 5 doses at intervals of 72 hours (course, depending on age, 10– 30 tablets).

In chronic forms of hepatitis B and / or C, the drug is prescribed in the indicated doses with an interval of 48 hours (the course, depending on age, is 50-150 tablets).

In case of HIV infection (stages 2A – 2B), the drug is used according to the basic scheme on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th day of therapy, then 1 time 3-5 days for 5 months.

When a herpes infection is used on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th day of treatment. The course of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the condition and the severity of clinical symptoms.

In acute intestinal infections, they are prescribed on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 11th day of treatment 1 time per day (course - 6-18 tablets).

As a means of emergency non-specific prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza during an increased incidence of the disease, the drug is prescribed in the indicated age doses on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th day, then another 5 doses with an interval of 72 hours (course - 10 –30 tablets).

With ARVI, the drug is prescribed with an interval of 24 hours once a day (the course of treatment is 5–9 doses).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. decompensated cirrhosis of the liver; period of pregnancy and lactation, age up to 4 years.

Side effects

When using the drug, allergic reactions are possible, including rash, itching, hives, angioedema, fever, changes in the injection site, including hyperemia, edema at the injection site.

special instructions

In diseases of the thyroid gland, the use of cycloferon should be carried out under the supervision of an endocrinologist.

Do not use during pregnancy and lactation.

Children. Do not use in children under 4 years of age.

It does not affect the reaction rate when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms.

Interactions

Cycloferon is compatible and interacts well with all drugs that are traditionally used in the treatment of diseases indicated in the indications section (interferons, chemotherapeutic drugs, etc.).

Enhances the effect of antibiotics, antiseptics and antifungal drugs.

Incompatibility. Given the lack of compatibility studies, cycloferon should not be mixed with other drugs.

Overdose

No cases of overdose have been identified. with an overdose of the drug, an increase in the severity of the manifestations of side effects is possible.

Storage conditions

P-r: in a dark place at temperatures up to 25 ° C. freezing of the solution during transportation at a temperature below 0 ° C does not lead to a change in the properties of the drug. thawed at room temperature, the drug retains its biological and physico-chemical properties. with a change in the color of the solution and the formation of a precipitate, the use of the drug is unacceptable;

tablets: in a dry, dark place at a temperature of no higher than 25 ° C.