Cholecalciferol

Vitamin D₃ - This is an active antirachitic factor. The most important function of vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphates, which contributes to the proper mineralization and growth of the skeleton.

Vitamin D₃ is a natural form of vitamin D, which is formed in animals and humans. Compared to Vitamin D₂ , characterized by an activity higher by 25%.

It is necessary for the functioning of the parathyroid glands, intestines, kidneys and skeletal system. It plays a significant role in the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the intestine, in the transport of mineral salts and in the process of bone calcification, and regulates the excretion of calcium and phosphate by the kidneys. The concentration of calcium ions affects a number of important biochemical processes that contribute to the maintenance of muscle tone of skeletal muscles, take part in nervous excitation and affect blood coagulation. Vitamin D₃ also involved in the functioning of the immune system, affects the production of lymphokines.

Vitamin D deficiency₃ in food, weakening of its absorption, calcium deficiency, and also the lack of exposure to sunlight during the period of rapid growth of the child lead to rickets, and in adults - to osteomalacia, in pregnant women - to the appearance of symptoms of tetany and the formation of tooth enamel in newborns.

Menopausal women, who often suffer from osteoporosis, need to increase the dose of vitamin D due to hormonal imbalances.₃ .

Features

Aqueous solution of vitamin D₃ better absorbed than oily. In premature babies, there is insufficient formation and entry of bile into the intestine, which disrupts the absorption of vitamins in the form of oil solutions.

After oral administration, cholecalciferol is absorbed in the small intestine.

Distribution. Penetrates through the placental barrier and into breast milk.

Metabolism. It is metabolized in the liver and kidneys, turning into an active metabolite - calcitriol, which combines with a carrier protein and is transported to target organs (intestines, bones, kidneys). The half-life in the blood is several days and can last in case of kidney disease.

It is excreted in urine and feces.

Vitamin D₃ participates in the regulation of phosphorus and calcium metabolism in the body 6 hours after taking the drug.

After Vitamin D₃ after 48 hours, a significant increase in serum cholecalciferol level is observed.

Indications

• Prevention of rickets;
• Vitamin D deficiency prevention₃ in high-risk groups that do not have malabsorption;
• prevention of rickets in premature newborns;
• Vitamin D deficiency prevention₃ with malabsorption;
• treatment of rickets and osteomalacia;
• supportive treatment of osteoporosis;
• treatment of hypoparathyroidism.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the drug, hypercalcemia and / or hypercalciuria, hypervitaminosis D, sarcoidosis, renal failure, nephrolithiasis, tuberculosis. Pseudohypoparathyroidism (the need for vitamin D may be lower than during normal sensitivity to vitamin).

Vitamin D intake may lead to a risk of overdose. In such situations, vitamin D should be used in other dosage forms in order to make it easier to control the concentration. The drug is contraindicated in patients with rare hereditary fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption, or sucrose-isolmaltose deficiency.

Dosage and administration

Apply orally.

Prevention of rickets: the recommended dose is 1 drop (about 500 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day.

Vitamin D Deficiency Prevention₃ in high-risk patients who do not have absorption disorders: the recommended dose is 1 drop (about 500 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day.

Supportive treatment of osteoporosis: the recommended dose is 2 drops (about 1000 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day.

Prevention of rickets in premature newborns: the dose is determined by the doctor. The total recommended dose is 2 drops (about 1000 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day.

Vitamin D Deficiency Prevention₃ with malabsorption: the dose is determined individually by the doctor. The total recommended dose is 6-10 drops (about 3000-5000 IU of vitamin D₃ ) drops per day.

Treatment of rickets and osteomalacia: the dose is determined individually by the doctor, depending on the course and severity of the disease. Total Recommended Dose for Vitamin D Deficiency Treatment₃ for infants and children is 2-10 drops (about 1000-5000 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day. Dose for Vitamin D Deficiency₃ determined individually, depending on the course and severity of the disease.

Treatment of hypoparathyroidism: the recommended dose depends on the level of serum calcium and is 20-40 drops (about 10000-20000 IU of vitamin D₃ ) per day. If you need to take higher doses of cholecalciferol, you should use drugs in a larger dosage.

During long-term treatment with aquadetrim ^® Vitamin D₃ it is necessary to regularly monitor the level of creatinine in the blood and the level of calcium in the blood serum and urine. If necessary, the dose should be adjusted depending on the concentration of calcium in the blood serum.

Overdose

Vitamin D₃ regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphates, after an overdose there are hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, renal calcifications and bone damage, as well as changes in the cardiovascular system. Hypercalcemia occurs after the application of 50,000-100,000 IU of vitamin D₃ in a day.

In case of an overdose, the following effects may develop: muscle weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, polydipsia, polyuria, drowsiness, photosensitivity, pancreatitis, rhinorrhea, hyperthermia, decreased libido, conjunctivitis, hypercholesterolemia, increased arterial hypertension uremia. Common symptoms are: pain in muscles and joints, headache, weight loss. Renal dysfunction develops with albuminuria, erythrocyturia and polyuria, increased loss of potassium, hypostenuria, nocturia and increased moderate blood pressure.

In severe cases, clouding of the cornea is possible, less often - swelling of the optic papilla, inflammation of the iris up to the development of cataracts.

Kidney stones may form, liming in soft tissues such as blood vessels, heart, lungs, and skin.

Cholestatic jaundice rarely develops.

Treatment.

An overdose requires treatment for hypercalcemia. It is necessary to stop taking the drug. Depending on the degree of hypercalcemia, a diet low in calcium or without calcium, drinking plenty of fluids, forced diuresis induced by furosemide, and taking glucocorticoids and calcitonin are recommended.

With normal renal function, the calcium level significantly decreases with the introduction of an infusion solution of sodium chloride (3-6 liters for 24 hours) with the addition of furosemide, in some cases 15 mg / kg / hour of sodium edetate should also be used, constantly monitoring the level of calcium and ECG. With oligoanuria, on the contrary, hemodialysis is necessary. There is no specific antidote.

Application Features

With caution, the drug should be used for immobilized patients, patients taking thiazides, cardiac glycosides, patients with cardiovascular diseases.

During the use of the drug Aquadetrim ^® Vitamin D₃ additional vitamin D intake must be considered₃ (co-administration of other preparations containing vitamin D). Combination therapy with vitamin D or calcium should be carried out only under the supervision of a doctor and under the control of calcium levels in blood serum and urine.

Individual provision of a specific need should take into account all possible sources of this vitamin.

Too high doses of aquadetrim ^® Vitamin D₃ long-term or shock doses may cause chronic hypervitaminosis D₃ .

The determination of the daily requirement of the child for vitamin D and the method of its application should be determined individually and verified each time during periodic studies, especially in the first months of life.

Caution is advised to use the drug in newborns born with a small anterior temporal crown.

Do not take Aquadetrim at the same time ^® Vitamin D₃ with high doses of calcium.

During treatment, it is recommended to control the level of calcium, phosphate and sugar in the blood serum and urine.

Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function. Long-term use of the drug requires monitoring of renal function by serum creatinine level.

Caution should be used in pregnant and lactating women.

Structure

Active ingredient in 1 ml (approximately 30 drops) of solution:

cholecalciferol - 15,000 IU

excipients: macrogolglycerol ricinoleate; sucrose; sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate; citric acid, monohydrate, anise flavoring; benzyl alcohol; purified water.

1 drop contains approximately 500 IU of vitamin D₃.

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C in the original packaging to protect from light.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life is 3 years.

Do not use after the expiration date indicated on the package.

After opening the bottle, store with the cap tightly closed for 6 months.