Calcium chloride

Pharmacological properties

Calcium ions take part in the processes of transmission of nerve impulses, reduction of smooth and striated muscles, myocardial activity, blood coagulation; they are necessary for the formation of bone tissue, the functioning of other systems and organs. the concentration of calcium ions in the blood decreases with many pathological processes, and severe hypocalcemia contributes to tetany. calcium chloride, in addition to eliminating hypocalcemia, reduces vascular permeability, has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic effects. iv administration of the drug leads to excitation of the sympathetic nervous system and increased adrenaline secretion by the adrenal glands.

Indications

Assign with insufficient parathyroid function (spasmophilia, tetany), increased excretion of calcium from the body (in particular, with prolonged immobilization), allergic diseases (angioedema, urticaria, hay fever, serum sickness, drug allergy); to reduce the permeability of the vascular wall (radiation sickness, hemorrhagic vasculitis), pleurisy, pneumonia, endometritis, adnexitis; skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, prurigo); with hepatitis, toxic liver damage, nephritis, eclampsia, paroxysmal myoplegia. the drug is used as a hemostatic agent for external and internal bleeding, it is administered as an antidote for poisoning with oxalic acid and its soluble salts, soluble salts of fluoric acid, magnesium salts. It is also prescribed for complex stimulation of labor, complex treatment of allergic diseases.

Application

Intravenously injected (very slowly) and intravenously (slowly). with the on / in the introduction of the drug there is a natural reaction to it - a feeling of heat in the oral cavity, and then throughout the body.

5 ml of 10% solution are injected iv in a jet over 3-5 minutes. 5–10 ml of a 10% solution of the drug in 100–200 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution at a rate of 6 drops in 1 min are injected intravenously.

The duration of the course of treatment is due to the nature, severity of the disease, the achieved therapeutic effect.

Contraindications

Thrombosis and tendency to such, thrombophlebitis, severe atherosclerosis, hypercalcemia.

Side effects

Bradycardia, with rapid administration - ventricular fibrillation of the heart.

special instructions

You can not enter the drug s / c and / m due to its strong irritating and necrotic effect. if a solution of the drug gets under the skin or muscle, if possible, aspirate it with a syringe and inject 10 ml of 25% sodium sulfate or 5-10 ml of 25% solution of magnesium sulfate at the injection site. diphenhydramine is prescribed to eliminate the resorptive effect, and edta for hypercalcemia.

For the treatment of allergic diseases, the drug should be used in conjunction with antihistamines.